The Country Food Similarity Index groups the countries of Chad and South Sudan into the Nilo-Saharan food region. It is one of the 23 world food sub-regions identified by the Index.
Chad and South Sudan, both situated in the Sahel region of Africa, share many common elements in their traditional cuisines. Staple foods such as sorghum, millet, and maize form the basis of meals, complemented by a reliance on meats like beef and lamb. Vegetables and legumes are also integral components of their diet. The use of diverse spices and herbs, along with traditional cooking methods, contributes to the rich and varied culinary traditions in these countries.
Nilo-Saharan Region’s Most Common Food Ingredients
Grains & Starchy Roots: 1) Sorghum, 2) Cassava, 3) Corn
Fruits & Vegetables: 1) Sesame Seed, 2) Peanut, 3) Bean
Meat & Animal Products: 1) Beef, 2) Lamb, 3) Freshwater Fish
Why these ingredients are common in this region
Sorghum is popular in Chad and South Sudan for several reasons. It is well-suited to the area’s arid and semi-arid climates, as it is a drought-tolerant crop that requires less water compared to other grains. In addition, sorghum’s versatility allows it to be used in various culinary applications, like making traditional porridges and flatbreads, contributing to its widespread cultivation and consumption in the region.
Livestock plays a crucial role in the traditional economies of many communities in Chad and South Sudan. The availability of pastureland in these regions supports the husbandry of cattle, making beef a readily accessible and sustainable protein source. Many traditional dishes in Chad and South Sudan feature beef as a primary ingredient, reflecting the importance of cattle in the local food culture.
Sesame is native to Africa. The crop is well-suited to the arid and semi-arid climates prevalent in the regions. They are drought-tolerant and can thrive in conditions where other crops might struggle, making sesame a reliable crop for cultivation. Sesame seeds are a nutrient-dense food source. It provides a valuable nutritional supplement is this impoverished region.
Nilo-Saharan Region’s Most Unique Food Ingredients
(foods consumed significantly more than the world average)
- Sorghum
- Cassava
- Beef
- Sesame Seed
- Millet
- Yam
- Corn
- Sweet Potato
- Peanut
- Goat
